2^nd International Conference on NeuroRehabilitation May 25-26, 2017 Chicago , USA

Track 2:

Vascular disease as a consequence of atherosclerosis results in a wide range of conditions making up the cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases.Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is a condition of the blood vessels that leads to narrowing and hardening of the arteries, blood vessel that supply blood to legs and feet.Decreased blood flow over time can lead to tissue and nerve damage which can be serious. Vascular disease is, without question, the current leading cause of morbidity and premature deaths of modern era medicine.Likewise,it is one of the primary causes of disability.

Approximately 14 million people in the United States have a history of myocardial infarction (MI) and/or angina pectoris, while the annual incidence is reported at 1.5 million cases.Many of the risk factors for coronary artery disease are applicable to patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) because both are manifestations of atherosclerotic disease.

Keywords :  cardiovascular | myocardial infarction | coronary artery disease | atherosclerotic

Neuropsychology emphasized to acclimatize the sources of human minds and its attributes for various physiological activities and studies over their mal functionalities yields detrimental consequences which are due to little variances in their genomic constitution.

It mainly concern with the structure and function of Brain with respect to several activities in our human body. It correlates the different studies like “Sociology, Anthropology, Philosophy, and Computer Science. It implements the Rehabilitation measures to free the sufferers from cognitive deficits, neurological Disorders. It entails the proposals of new models to evaluate the range of abnormality which contrary to normal brain  functioning.

Key words: Neuropsychology | physiological  | Brain |  Rehabilitation | neurological Disorders

Viral and immune mediated disorders of the nervous system are among the most challenging neurological disorders. The most common neuroimmune disorder is multiple sclerosis; and HIV is the most common viral infection of the nervous system. Common to both disorders is the progressive loss of neurons, resulting in significant cognitive and motor dysfunction.

The most common neurological infections are:

Encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, which can be caused by either bacteria or virus.

Meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, which can be caused by either bacteria or virus.

HIV, a viral infection that causes AIDS and gradually destroys the body's immune system.

Keywords : neuroimmune disorder | multiple sclerosis | Encephalitis | Meningitis |HIV

Traumatic brain injury occurs when an external mechanical force causes brain dysfunction.Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object penetrating the skull, such as a bullet or shattered piece of skull, also can cause traumatic brain injury.

Brain injury is all too common, but treatments are being improved constantly. Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries can lead to significant disabilities and death. In the United States, an estimated 1.7 million people suffer traumatic head injuries each year, and roughly 52,000 will die. The leading causes of traumatic brain injury are falls and motor-vehicle related events.

And the major rehabilitation techniques developed and implemented foe traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries fall under the category of traumatic rehabilitation.Traumatic rehabilitation is one of the long term neurolgic care and requires time for the patient to overcome properly.

Mild traumatic brain injury may cause temporary dysfunction of brain cells. More serious traumatic brain injury can result in bruising, torn tissues, bleeding and other physical damage to the brain that can result in long-term complications or death.

Keywords : Traumatic brain injury | brain dysfunction | neurolgic care  |  brain cells.

Paediatric Rehabilitation provides comprehensive rehabilitation Care to children suffering from range of Neurological difficulties.

It is dedicated to treating children, teens, and their families to promote recovery from and adaptation to changes resulting from brain injury or significant neurological disease. Combining the family's knowledge of their child with the team expertise in brain injury rehabilitation, working together to achieve the goal of returning the child to participation in home, school and community-based activities.

The main aims of the Paediatric neurorehabilitation Service are:

·  Enable children and young people to reach their optimum physical potential

·  Maximise function and independence

·  Reduce the risk of developing contractures and deformity

·  Improve quality of life.

Key words :  Neurological difficulties. | brain injury rehabilitation | Paediatric Rehabilitation |

Muscular rehabilitation  is a branch of rehabilitation  that aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities.

A physician having completed training in this field is referred to as a physiatrist. Physiatrists specialize in restoring optimal function to people with injuries to the muscles, bones, ligaments or nervous system.

The major concern this field  deals with  is the ability of a person to function optimally within the limitations placed upon them by a disabling impairment or disease process for which there is no known cure. The emphasis is not on the full restoration to the premorbid level of function, but rather the optimization of the quality of life for those not able to achieve full restoration. A team approach to chronic conditions is emphasized to coordinate care of patients. Comprehensive Rehabilitation is provided by specialists in this field, who act as facilitators, team leaders, and medical experts for rehabilitation.

Key words  : physician | physiatrist. |  nervous system.| rehabilitation

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a condition in which patients experience neurological symptoms such as weakness, movement disorders, sensory symptoms and blackouts.The brain of a patient with Functional Neurological Disorder is structurally normal, but functions incorrectly. In broad terms there is a problem with the patient's central nervous system, which is inappropriate functioning of signalling systems..

Functional Neurological Disorders (FND's) is the name coined upon the basis of the problems in the nervous system but in  real which are not caused by a physical neurological disease or disorder. Health professionals sometimes call these disorders ‘medically unexplained’, psychosomatic or somatisation. We prefer the term ‘functional’ which just means that the body is not functioning quite as it should.

Approximately one-sixth of all patients seen by the neurology service will receive a diagnosis of functional neurological disorders.

Key words: Functional neurological disorder (FND)  | movement disorders | psychosomatic | neurology

The field of Neurorehabilitation is relatively new, and some cutting edge therapies including neuromodulation may be potentially beneficial to patients with CNS injuries or other disorders. The advances in the understanding of brain circuitry, together with the development of neurostimulation technologies have prompted us to explore the potential of electrical stimulation of the nervous system to promote functional recovery in patients who are the suffers of the CNS disorders.

Neuromodulation also offers new therapeutic interventions for patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and epilepsy by counteract the abnormal network in the brain.

Key words: neurorehabilitation  |  CNS injuries |  CNS disorders.| Neuromodulation |  traumatic brain injury | epilepsy  | stroke, | traumatic brain injury, | spinal cord injury | brain

The field of Neurorehabilitation is relatively new, and some cutting edge therapies including neuromodulation may be potentially beneficial to patients with CNS injuries or other disorders. The advances in the understanding of brain circuitry, together with the development of neurostimulation technologies have prompted us to explore the potential of electrical stimulation of the nervous system to promote functional recovery in patients who are the suffers of the CNS disorders.

Neuromodulation also offers new therapeutic interventions for patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and epilepsy by counteract the abnormal network in the brain.

Key words: neurorehabilitation  |  CNS injuries |  CNS disorders.| Neuromodulation |  traumatic brain injury | epilepsy  | stroke, | traumatic brain injury, | spinal cord injury | brain

Neurorehabilitation is the culmination of many different fields to provide the best care and education for patients with injuries or diseases affecting their nervous system.

The purposes of modalities are to treat emotional, behavioural or mental dysfunction, remove negative symptoms such as anxiety or depression, modify or reverse problem behaviours, help the individual cope with situational crises such as bereavement, pain, or prolonged medical illnesses improve the individual’s relationships, manage conflict or enhance positive personality growth and development.

Neurorehabilitation modalities include physiotherapy, occupational therapy, psychological therapy, speech therapy and language therapy, and therapies focused on daily function and community re-integration.

Keywords : Neurorehabilitation | mental dysfunction | anxiety | depression | physiotherapy | language therapy | language therapy | occupational therapy

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected Central nervous system or peripheral nervous system.

The symptoms of these disorders vary, but they share a common and gradual decline in a person’s cognitive abilities and memory resulting from a progressive loss of brain cells or brain cell function. This affects an individual’s ability to work, socialize and the loss of independence places a huge burden on family and caregivers. As our population ages, the number of people affected, and the cost of treatment is expected to rise dramatically.

An estimated 285,000 individuals in Ontario currently suffer from some form neurodegenerative disorder such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Lou Gehrig’s disease, front temporal lobar degeneration, and vascular cognitive impairment.

Key words: Neurodegenerative | nervous system dysfunction | Central nervous system  | peripheral nervous system | brain cell |  Alzheimer’s disease | Lou Gehrig’s disease | front temporal lobar degeneration

The human motor system attains adaptability through acquired immunological actions. Motor learning is a loosely defined term that encompasses motor adaptation, skill acquisition,and decision-making. Motor learning can be categorized into kinematic and dynamic components. Advance technological approaches using  Animal models and functional imaging in humans show that the mature brain can undergo plastic changes during both learning and recovery as they have the tendency to undergo differentiation upon receiving signals.

Quantitative motor control approaches allow differentiation between compensation and true recovery, although both improve with practice. Several promising new rehabilitation approaches are based on theories of motor learning.

Key words : Rehabilitation | immunological  | decision-making | motor control | functional imaging

Nursing  as an integral part of the health care system, encompasses the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of physically ill, mentally ill, and disabled people of all ages, in all health care and other community settings. Neuro rehabilitation nursing comprises not only of individuals taking care of the patient but also the way to nurse and eradicate the disorders in long term neurologic care.

It comprises of both small and big approaches to improve the health standards of a patient and ensure a better way of living by rendering him complete care unit via Machines and Personal care.

Key words : Nursing | Neuro rehabilitation nursing | Disorders  | neurologic care.